There are number of laboratory research on pulse application for battery formation and charging described in published scientific papers available from last ten years. All papers approve significant advantages of pulse formation. Manufacturer would gain from introduction of more sophisticated formation technology. Only general problem stressed in papers was availability of industrial equipment. Opportunity to improve existing lead-acid batteries production technologies and goals would include, but not limited to, reduction of formation time, reduction of lead consumption. Last one might be of great importance.  

Pulse formation program consists of periods of CC charge and charge/discharge stages. The parameter values, such as charge/ discharge time, ratio and current shall be adjusted to particular manufacturer battery composition. The pulse stage introduced in formation program after formation of lead plates structure.

Impulses affect available surfaces area of positive lead plates and the reactivity of the active mass with acid. Thus, pulse formation is an effective means for enhancing battery both cycle life and initial capacity. Simplifying, last allows significantly reduce lead content in battery.

Impulses initiate active masses in battery and stimulate electrochemical process. There is possibility adjust formation voltage to prevent (avoid of) excessive gassing which make possible to increase current. Respectively, manufacturer can substantially reduce formation time.

Right designed pulse stage impulses allow to manage temperature which enhances total efficiency of formation process.

Summary of that dynamic pulse is factor to affect causes of well known constraints during formation and leads to decrease of manufacturer costs.